Multi-beam domains induced by applying (a and c) positive and (b and d) negative 160 V potential to cantilever for LiNbO3 crystals thermally reduced in an oxygen free environment (a and b) for 5 min at 1150 °C and (c and d) for 100 min at 1050 °C.

 
 
  Part of: Kislyuk AM, Ilina TS, Kubasov IV, Kiselev DA, Temirov AA, Turutin AV, Malinkovich MD, Polisan AA, Parkhomenko YuN (2019) Tailoring of stable induced domains near a charged domain wall in lithium niobate by probe microscopy. Modern Electronic Materials 5(2): 51-60. https://doi.org/10.3897/j.moem.5.2.51314