Spatial flow pattern in buoyancy and thermocapillary driven convection mode for Pr = 16: (a) H/Rc = 1.5, Rc/Rsc = 6.68, Gr = 1.05 × 104; (b) H/Rc = 1.5, Rc/Rsc = 1.29, Gr = 2.05 × 106; (c) H/Rc = 0.9, Rc/Rsc = 2.75, Gr = 1.35 × 106. H is the melt layer height; Rc is the crucible radius.

 
 
  Part of: Berdnikov VS (2019) Hydrodynamics and heat exchange of crystal pulling from melts. Part I: Experimental studies of free convection mode. Modern Electronic Materials 5(3): 91-100. https://doi.org/10.3897/j.moem.5.3.46647